تأثیر شاخص فلاکت بر شاخص سلامت در ایران
محورهای موضوعی :
سید محمد مستولی زاده
1
(دانشگاه سمنان)
کلید واژه: کلمات کلیدی: شاخص فلاکت, شاخص سلامت, ARDL,
چکیده مقاله :
چكيده مقدمه: سلامت به معنی برخوداری از رفاه کامل جسمی و روانی و اجتماعی می¬باشد و تنها نبود بیماری و معلولیت و ناتوانی نیست. باتوجه به ورود اقتصاد سلامت به ادبیات علم اقتصاد بررسی چگونگی اثرگذاری شاخص¬های اقتصادی بر سلامت امری ضروری است. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی تجربی تأثیر شاخص فلاکت بر شاخص سلامت برای ایران می¬باشد. روش: اين پژوهش از روش تجزیه مؤلفه¬های اصلی جهت استخراج یک شاخص کلی برای شاخص سلامت و برای برآورد مدل، از روش خودرگرسيونی با وقفه¬های توزیعی (ARDL) طی سال¬های 1361-1398 برای کشور ایران استفاده گردید. داده¬های مورد استفاده در این پژوهش شاخص ترکیبی (شاخص امید به زندگی، هزینه سرانه بهداشت، مرگ و میر کودکان زیر 5 سال)، که اطلاعات مربوط به امید به زندگی از بانک جهانی، هزینه سرامه سلامت از قانون بودجه و محاسبات و مرگ و میر کودکان زیر 5 سال داده های یونیسف و اطلاعات شاخص فلاکت، ضریب جینی و تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه از مرکز آمار و نماگرهای اقتصادی بانک مرکزی ایران استخراج شده است. مدل و آزمون‌های موردنیاز تحقیق در نرم‌افزار Eviews 10 برآورد شدند. یافته¬ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که شاخص فلاکت اثر منفی و معناداری بر شاخص سلامت دارد. همچنین، براساس یافته¬های تجربی نابرابری درآمد اثر منفی و معناداری برشاخص سلامت دارد، در حالی تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه اثر مثبت و معناداری برشاخص سلامت دارد.که این موضوع قیود دیگری را بر سیاستگذار در مسیر دستیابی به توزیع بهتر درآمد، ارتقای درآمد سرانه تحمیل خواهد نمود. بحث: بر اساس نتایج مدل، متغیر شاخص فلاکت دارای ضریب منفی و معنی‌داری بر هزینه‌های سلامت است. شاخص فلاکت در طبقات پایین جامعه چشمگیرتر و کمتر است. به دلیل افزایش نرخ تورم، قدرت خرید دهک های پایین جامعه به شدت آسیب دیده است. علاوه بر این، تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر شاخص سلامت دارد. درآمد سرانه بالاتر با بهبود شرایط زندگی منجر به سلامت بهتر می¬شود. در حالی که نابرابری درآمد تأثیر منفی معناداری بر شاخص سلامت دارد. با کاهش نابرابری درآمدی در جامعه، امکان سرمایه گذاری در آموزش، سلامت؛ زمینه اشتغال برای افراد بیشتری فراهم شده است.
Seyed Mohammad Mostolizadeh Abstract Introduction: Health means having complete physical, mental and social well-being, and it is not only the absence of disease, disability and disability. Considering the entry of health economics into the economics literature, it is necessary to study how economic indicators affect health. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of misery index on health index for Iran. Method: The self-regression method with distributed intervals (ARDL) was used for Iran during the years 1361-1398. The data used in this study are a composite index (life expectancy index, per capita health expenditure, mortality of children under 5 years old), which contains information about life expectancy from the World Bank, health expenditure from the budget law and calculations and death Mortality of children under 5 years old UNICEF data and data on misery index, Gini coefficient and GDP per capita have been extracted from the Statistics and Economic Indicators Center of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The model and tests required for the research were estimated in Eviews 10 software. Findings: The results show that the misery index has a negative and significant effect on the health index. Also, based on empirical findings, income inequality has a negative and significant effect on the health index, while GDP per capita has a positive and significant effect on the health index. Discussion: Based on the results of the model, the misery index variable has a negative and significant coefficient on health costs. The index of misery is lower and lower in the lower classes of society. Due to rising inflation, the purchasing power of the lower deciles of society has been severely damaged. In addition, GDP per capita has a positive and significant effect on the health index. Higher per capita income leads to better health by improving living conditions such as access to safe drinking water, better roads, proper nutrition, and so on. While income inequality has a significant negative effect on the health index. By reducing income inequality in society, the possibility of investing in education, health; Employment is provided for more people.
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