International Sanctions and Economic Diplomacy in Iran
Subject Areas : اقتصادیHajar Asghari 1 , Shahrooz Shariati 2 *
1 - Tarbiat Modares University, Tehrran, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Political Science (Iranian Issues), Tarbiat Modares University
Keywords: Iran, Foreign policy, Economic Diplomacy, Sanctions, Development Plans.,
Abstract :
One of the key challenges facing the Islamic Republic of Iran in its foreign policy experience is the effective implementation of its strategic objectives and national goals. In this context, a comprehensive understanding of policymaking and executive planning, aligned with a precise grasp of the current situation, is essential. Such an understanding can facilitate the adoption of effective strategies for advancing national affairs. This study seeks to answer the following question: “How have international sanctions against Iran been prioritized in the country's economic diplomacy policies and programs?”. In order to address the aforementioned question, the present study has been conducted in a manner that incorporates an analysis of the provisions of Iran's five-year development plans, as well as an examination of macroeconomic variables within the realm of economic diplomacy.Utilising two methodological approaches – conventional content analysis and trend analysis – the findings reveal that Iran's macro-level policymaking and planning in economic diplomacy have been formulated without direct consideration of sanctions. The results further indicate that Iran's National Policy Statements and development plans lack stabilising mechanisms and strategies to manage and mitigate the consequences of sanctions. Moreover, despite the imposition of economic sanctions since the 1990s and their increasing intensity over time, there is no indication that sanctions have been formally acknowledged within the country's macroeconomic policy frameworks. This finding suggests that successive governments have operated without a clearly defined agenda or strategic approach in response to extensive banking and trade sanctions, often relying on ad hoc initiatives, individual experiences, and personal perspectives of policymakers in conducting economic diplomacy.
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